Specialised lecture 4 - Enforcement in the Digital Single Market (DvE). In the Digital Single Market, infringements are likely to be cross border and instantaneous. That is a consumer paradise but is a nightmare for an IP owner that needs to enforce his rights in one single European market, where only national courts have jurisdiction. Does that mean that one has to litigate in each member state or do national courts have the capacity to order cross-border measures? That is the question and the topic of the lecture.