Determining the validity of a sexual offense allegation is only possible in hindsight. By that time, however, the suspect may have served time in prison, the alleged crime may have been discussed in the media and witnesses may have been heard. A situation like this has a serious impact on the life of an innocent suspect. While a false allegation is indeed punishable by law, it requires proof of malicious intent. As a result, discussions about unsubstantiated allegations often take on a legal tone. Merckelbach will use a case study to demonstrate that a psychological approach can be much more useful. This primarily involves the dynamics of rumours and the key role they play in the creation of unfounded allegations.  Police and prosecutors can improve processes like suspect detention, press conferences and interrogation if they have a better understanding of these dynamics. This, in turn, can help them minimise the damage caused by false or unfounded allegations.